Power Factor for a more efficient circuit and loading

Power factor is an important aspect to consider in AC circuit, because any factor less than 1 means that the circuit wiring has to carry more current than what would be necessary with zero reactance in the circuit to deliver the same true power to the resistive load.     When expressed as fraction, the ratio between true power and  apparent power is called the power factor of the...

RLC parallel circuit formula and Phasor diagram

RLC in parallel RCL parallel circuit can be considered as two reactance's XC and XL where the currents are in phase opposition in parallel with the resistor. Through the use of  the phasor diagram the effective total resistance can be found  . It can be observed that IR is at the base...

Parallel RC circuit formula and phasor diagram

RC circuit in parallel formula and diagram Currents in IR and IC are 90 degree out of phase and cannot be added directly. The total current or resultant will depend upon the resistance and R and the reactance ( AC reactance) of AC Parallel RC circuit Phasor diagram : As the reactance...

Parallel RL circuits formula and Phasor diagram explanation

Parallel  RL circuit formula and diagram The current through L will lag  IR  by 90 degrees . The resultant negative phase angle  depends upon the relative values of R and XL. for R, E and R in phase . For  XL , E and IL in quadratic lagging current. As  the...

Series RLC circuit formula explanation

Series RLC circuit diagram and formula Resistance ,inductance capacitance in series    In RLC series circuit , the series current is common for Resistance, Capacitance and inductance . VR will be in phase width I. Whereas the voltage of Vc and VL will be 180 degree...

The formula for Series RC circuit with Phasor Diagram

Series RC circuit formula explanation  R- the resistance -opposition to current flow (ohms)Ω C- capacitance-opposition to any change in voltage ,farad(f)  VR=IR- voltage drop of the resistor Vc= q/c=∫idt/c- voltage drop in the capacitor           ...

Analyze the formula for Series RL circuit and its Phasor Diagram

   Series RL circuit R- the resistance -opposition to current flow (ohms)Ω L- Inductance -opposition to any change   XL- inductive resistance VR=I R volts VL=I XL volts XL = inductance reactance  (ohms) Ω       = 2πfL= ωL Voltage developed...

What are the effects of Electricity

The Effects of electricity Electricity is  form of energy which could not be seen,but its presence could be detected due to numerous effects it has in  our daily living. 1. Mechanical effect   An electric fan  for ventilation through the rotation of its blades; A vacuum...

Using multimeter VOM as voltmeter for ACV test

The Ac voltmeter is used to measure alternative current voltage or electrical pressure of a circuit. This instrument is connected across the circuit and it does not require correct application of the polarity . The unit of measure is volt(V). Note;  If the voltage range is unknown get the estimate value by setting the knob at the top level or should be   at 1000 V before measuring...

Using multimeter VOM as Ammeter

The DC ammeter- is used to measure the direct current of a circuit. The unit of measure is ampere (A). An multimeter can be used as ammeter by connecting it in series with the circuit. It requires correct application and polarity to measure the current. Procedure: 1. Check the pointer of the meter if it set to zero 2. Set the knob at DC and set it to the desired ampere range.There are different...

How to use multimeter as voltmeter DC voltage test

USE Multimeter as voltmeter The DC voltmeter is used to measure direct current voltage or electrical pressure of a circuit. the unit of measure is in volt(V). Multi-meters can be used as voltmeter and this is done by connecting the instrument across the circuit . It requires correct application of the polarity. Your circuit must be powered up in conducting this test Procedure:  Check the...

How to use a multimeter as Ohmmeter

Ohmmeter- an ohmmeter  is used to measure resistance. Connected in parallel or across,  It can be used to check and measure the continuity of the circuit . When using  an ohmmeter it does not require correct application polarity. Resistance test procedure:     the purpose...

Using a Multimeter/multi-tester: Preliminary setup and Safety precautions

Multi-tester (VOM-volt/ohmeter) also called multimeter is designed to measure different magnitudes of electrical units:voltage,current and resistance. It incorporates the functions of a voltmeter,ohmmeter,and Milli-ammeter into one device. A multimeter maybe Digital (DVOM/DMM) or Analog. Parts...

Power in parallel Circuits

Power dissipated by each individual resistance is simply added to find the total power dissipated by the series circuit. This same procedure also applies to parallel circuits. If there are five resistive branches in a parallel circuit and each was dissipated 1 watt of power, the total power...

Series and parallel resistance circuit :explanation

The familiarity of the few circuit building blocks is important in  understanding complex circuits. In this post I will explain the most important ideas in  DC circuits. From my previous posts I discussed about the Ohms law . This is a continuation of the post about  simple direct...

PUP Privatization: PUPcet 2011-2012 PUP iapply application to entrance exam

PUP Privatization: PUPcet 2011-2012 PUP iapply application to entrance ex...

What are Motor controls and how they work

Motor controls a quick summary       Motor controls are those devices that operate electric motor particularly, those high powered electric motors used to operate machines like electric drilling machines, wood lathe machine, electric bending machine and those other...

A review Complex number

Complex number review     Complex number are usually discussed in the first part of advanced mathematics and here is a quick review about it. Consider the equation it has has NO SOLUTION in real number system. But in eighteenth century mathematician invented a  ...

How are coils connected in an alternator ?

Alternator coil connections   There are two ways of connecting the coils of the three phase AC generators  or alternator in a load. These are the wye or the star connection and the delta connection. Generally, generators are wye connected ( earth wire) but loads can be either delta...

Transformer operation and construction

Transformer: Basic operation and construction   Transformer is an electrical device that converts voltage from one value to another that is, either from high voltage to lower voltage which is termed step- down transformer, or from lower voltage to higher voltage which is termed step up transformer.   The...